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Air trapping
Air trapping, also called gas trapping, is an abnormal retention of air in the lungs where it is difficult to exhale completely.〔U. Joseph Schoepf; ("6.4.9.5 Expiratory Hyperinflation - Air Trapping" ), ''Multidetector-Row CT of the Thorax'' Birkhäuser, 2005, p.101〕 It is observed in obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Air trapping is not a diagnosis but is a presentation of an illness, and can be guide the appropriate differential.
==Imaging==
On high resolution CT air trapping has a typical imaging appearance, although often evaluation with both maximum inhalation and exhalation, or inspiratory and expiratory views, are needed for a more specific diagnosis. One of its typical imaging patterns is mosaic attenuation. In the classic presentation, the lung will appear normal at inspiration, but on exhalation, the diseased portions of the lung which have lost connective tissue recoil will remain lucent while the healthy portions of the lung will become more dense due to atelectasis. This helps distinguish it from mosaic attenuation due to patchy fibrosis, as occurs with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and in early usual interstitial pneumonitis (the hallmark imaging diagnosis of interstitial lung disease) in which there is no change with inspiration and expiration.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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